I’m Pavithra KB, nutritionist at The Kenko Life.
For the production of thyroid hormone food nutrition plays a very important role. A balanced diet helps in supporting thyroid function, prevent deficiencies, and manage conditions like hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
Key nutrients that impact thyroid health:
Iodine: Is an essential mineral required for the production of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). A deficiency can lead to hypothyroidism and goiter
Selenium: Important for the conversion of thyroxine (T4) into the active form triiodothyronine (T3). It also has antioxidant properties that protect the thyroid from damage.
Zinc: Is involved in the production of thyroid hormones and their regulation. Zinc deficiency can impair thyroid function and reduce the effectiveness of thyroid hormone action.
Vitamin D: Is crucial for immune system regulation and may help in preventing autoimmune thyroid diseases, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease.
Iron: Iron is essential for overall metabolism and energy production. Iron deficiency can exacerbate hypothyroid symptoms like fatigue.
B Vitamins : B vitamins, particularly B12, play a role in energy production and the metabolism of thyroid hormones. B12 deficiency is common in people with thyroid conditions, especially hypothyroidism.
Tyrosine: Is an amino acid that is a precursor to thyroid hormone production. It helps the body make T3 and T4 when combined with iodine.
Antioxidants: Antioxidants like vitamins A, C, and E help protect the thyroid from oxidative stress and inflammation, which may impair thyroid function.
Healthy Fats: Omega-3 fatty acids play a role in reducing inflammation, particularly in autoimmune thyroid disorders.
Foods interfering Thyroid Function:
Foods known as goitrogens interfere with iodine absorption or thyroid hormone production when consumed in large amounts, especially in people with iodine deficiency or hypothyroidism. By cooking the foods thoroughly there is a change to deactivate it.
Examples for Goitrogenic Foods: Cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cabbage, kale, cauliflower, soy products etc.
Specific Dietary change for types of Thyroid:
For Hypothyroidism: A diet rich in iodine, selenium, zinc, and B vitamins, while being mindful of goitrogens.
For Hyperthyroidism: Foods that support the immune system and are high in antioxidants, and avoiding excessive iodine-rich foods, which may exacerbate hyperthyroidism.
